A feasibility study was recommended as a high priority so that the practicability and costs of the scheme could be determined. Although the idea was seen as imaginative, only a brief estimate of cost was given: £300 million. The term 'Crossrail' emerged in the 1974 London Rail Study Report. These led to a specialist investigation by the Railway (London Plan) Committee, appointed in 1944 and reporting in 19. The project that became Crossrail has origins in the 1943 County of London Plan and 1944 Greater London Plan by Patrick Abercrombie. The concept of large-diameter tunnels crossing central London to connect Paddington in the west and Liverpool Street in the east was first proposed by railwayman George Dow in The Star newspaper in June 1941. Main article: History of the Crossrail line Early proposals TfL Rail begin operating Paddington-Reading servicesĬentral section between Paddington and Abbey Wood opened for passenger service Paddington–Heathrow services transferred to TfL Rail New Crossrail trains introduced on Liverpool Street–Shenfield route Liverpool Street– Shenfield service transferred to TfL Rail Senior railway managers promote an expanded regional Superlink scheme Private bill promoted by London Underground and British Rail submitted to Parliament proposing a Paddington–Liverpool Street tunnel it is rejected in 1994Ĭrossrail scheme promoted through Cross London Rail Links (CLRL) London Rail Study Report recommends a Paddington– Liverpool Street 'Crossrail' tunnelĬentral London Rail Study proposes three Crossrail schemes, including an east–west Paddington/ Marylebone–Liverpool Street route Proposals for cross-London railway tunnel(s), of the national network, by George Dow 2.3 Health, safety, and industrial relations.Originally planned to open in 2018, the project has been repeatedly delayed, including several months caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The total estimated cost rose from an initial budget of £14.8bn to £18.8bn by December. TfL's annual revenues from the line were forecast in 2018 to be nearly £500 million in 2022/23 and over £1 billion from 2024–25. The Elizabeth line is operated by MTR Corporation (Crossrail) Ltd as a London Rail concession of Transport for London (TfL), in a similar manner to London Overground.

The TfL Rail brand was discontinued when the core section opened in May 2022. In May 2015, local services on the section of the Great Eastern Main Line between Liverpool Street and Shenfield were transferred to TfL Rail TfL Rail also took over Heathrow Connect services in May 2018 and replaced some local services between Paddington and Reading in December 2019. At each end of its central core services it will divide into two branches: in the west to Reading and to Heathrow Central in the east to Abbey Wood and to Shenfield. Once the Elizabeth line is fully operational in May 2023, the new nine-carriage Class 345 trains will run at frequencies in the central section of up to 24 trains per hour in each direction. There it splits into a branch to Stratford, where it joins the Great Eastern Main Line and a branch to Abbey Wood in southeast London. The main feature of the project is the construction of a new railway line that runs underground from Paddington Station to a junction near Whitechapel. The central section of the line between Paddington and Abbey Wood opened on, with 12 trains per hour. The project was approved in 2007, and construction began in 2009 on the central section and connections to existing lines that will become part of the route, to be branded the Elizabeth line in honour of Queen Elizabeth II who opened the line on during her Platinum Jubilee. Its aim is to provide a high-frequency hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system crossing the capital from suburbs on the west to east, by connecting two major railway lines terminating in London: the Great Western Main Line and the Great Eastern Main Line.

Crossrail is a railway construction project under way mainly in central London.

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